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Transition to Land Questions

A. The protist phylum that is widely thought to be most closely related to the Kingdom Plantae is

  1. Chlorophyta (green algae)
  2. Phaeophyta (brown algae)
  3. Pyrrhophyta (dinoflagellates)
  4. Rhodophyta (red algae)
  5. Euglenophyta (euglenoids)

B. Characteristics of the green algae make them attractive candidates as the closest relatives of the Kingdom Plantae. Which of the following features is/are shared by both groups?

  1. chlorophylls a and b
  2. active stomata
  3. starch is the major storage product of photosynthesis
  4. cellulose cells walls
  5. 1 and 4
  6. 1, 3 and 4

C. Nonvascular plants have never evolved to the size of vascular plants, probably because the nonvascular plants do not have effective enough adaptations for

  1. absorbing light for photosynthesis
  2. controlling rate of respiration
  3. absorbing water and nutrients from the substrate they are growing on
  4. transporting water and nutrients within the plant
  5. exchanging gasses with the atmosphere

D. Two imporant evolutionary consequences of plants having tissues containing tracheids are

  1. a vascular system and structural support
  2. structural support and increased growth
  3. enhanced photosynthesis and stuctural support
  4. enhanced photosynthesis and a vascular system
  5. none of the above

E. The earth is thought to be almost 5 billion years old, and life appeared almost 4 billion years ago, but the first members of the Kingdom Plantae did not appear until about

  1. 3 x 109 years ago
  2. 450 x 106 years ago
  3. 45 x 106 year ago
  4. 4 x 106 years ago
  5. 4 x 105 years ago

F. Vascular plants are defined by the occurrence of a specialized cell called a tracheid. This cell type

  1. is the principal water-conducting cell type in most plant groups
  2. provides a mechanism to transport sugars within the plant
  3. is the first cell type to contain chloroplasts having a double membrane
  4. provides a pathway for the transport of sperm to egg without requiring an external water source
  5. is alive at functional maturity, as are the rest of the plant's cells

G. The one characteristic that distinguished plants from all other photosynthetic organisms is the presence, in plants, of

  1. chloroplasts having two membranes
  2. an embryo
  3. a simple gametangium
  4. a sporic life cycle
  5. vascular tissue

H. In the alternation of generations life cycle of plants, spores are produced by the diploid _______________.

  1. gametophyte
  2. gametes
  3. sporophyte
  4. zygote
  5. embryo

I. The gametes produced by a gametophyte plant are produced by the process of

  1. homology
  2. nuclear fusion
  3. binary fission
  4. meiosis
  5. mitosis

J. The gametes produced by a single gametophyte plant are genetically

  1. identical to each other, but different from the gametophyte that produced them
  2. identical to each other and identical to the gametophyte that produced them
  3. identical to each other and to the sporophyte that produced them
  4. different from each other, but identical to the gametophyte that produced them
  5. different from each other and different from the gametophyte that produced them

K. In the alternation of generations life cycle, mitosis

  1. occurs only in the diploid generation
  2. occurs only in the haploid generation
  3. occurs only during spore production
  4. occurs only during gamete production
  5. occurs in both haploid and diploid generations

L. In the alternation of generations life cycle, the sporophyte plant

  1. produces gametes by mitosis
  2. produces gametes by meiosis
  3. produces spores by mitosis
  4. produces spores by meiosis

M. In plants, a gamete is

  1. any haploid cell
  2. any diploid cell
  3. a haploid cell that is programmed to fuse with another gamete
  4. a diploid cell that is programmed to divide by meiosis
  5. produced by meiosis

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Answers: A1, B6, C4, D1, E2, F1, G2, H3, I5, J2, K5, L4, M3

modified 9/15/04